1943
- Julius Rosenberg, the 33-year-old son of Markus and Else (née) Kahn Rosenberg, was arrested in Weimar; after the war, his wife, Else Pabst Rosenberg, a non-Jew, was informed that he had probably been taken to Auschwitz and murdered. She was told to consider midnight, May 8, 1945 the official date of his death.
1945
- January 27: Soviet troops enter the Auschwitz camp complex and liberate approximately 7,000 prisoners remaining in the camp.
One Themaren Jew, Otto Baer, b. 1895 in Themar, survived Auschwitz.
- February 14: Doris Frankenberg Lorenzen, b. 1898 in Themar, is deported from Dinslaken to Theresienstadt. Doris was the daughter of Nathan and Bertha Rosenthal Frankenberg, and sister of Ida, Martha, Hilde,and Lucie. Doris’s husband was a non-Jew, and her status within a ‚mixed‘ marriage protected her from deportation until 1944. However, protection ceased in September 1944, Doris was imprisoned, and deported on February 14, 1945 — eleven weeks before the war ended. Doris was in Theresienstadt at the time of liberation.
- May 9: Soviet troops entered Theresienstadt and assumed responsibility for its prisoners on May 10.
Three Themaren Jews, Minna Gassenheimer Frankenberg, Meta Frankenberg Krakauer, b. 1866 and Doris Frankenberg Lorenzen, b. 1898, survived Theresienstadt. Meta Krakauer died in 1955 in Dinslaken, Minna died in 1961 in Halle a.d. Salle, and Doris Lorenzen died in 1971 in Dinslaken.0
Sources:
City of Themar Archives
Das Deutsche Bundesarchiv, Memorial Book: Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny in Germany 1933-1945. Online database.
Yad Vashem, The Central Database of Shoah Victims‘ Names
Ancestry.com. New York Passenger Lists, 1820-1957 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA.
Nathan Michael Gelber and Stefan Krakowski. Encyclopaedia Judaica. Ed. Michael Berenbaum and Fred Skolnik. Vol. 3. 2nd ed. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2007. p. 312.
Andrea Niewerth, Gelsenkirchener Juden Im Nationalsozialismus: Eine Kollektivbiographische Analyse über Verfolgung, Emigration Und Deportation, 2002.
Anne Prior. „Wo die Juden geblieben sind, ist […] nicht bekannt”: Novemberpogrom in Dinslaken 1938 und die Deportation Dinslakener Juden 1941-1944. Essen: Klartext Verlag, 2010.